The Fear Index VIX has surged 20% intraday, currently at 19.27.

The U.S. Treasury Secretary will begin a series of interviews with candidates for Federal Reserve Chair on Friday.

The probability of a Fed rate cut in September is as high as 90.5%, while the probability of keeping rates unchanged is only 9.5%.

The US SEC and CFTC issued a joint statement: US-registered exchanges are not prohibited from offering trading of certain spot cryptocurrencies.

All three major U.S. stock indexes closed lower.